Hotels
Jeremy Hill - Director and Head of Hotels
Jeremy has more than 20 years’ experience in the hotel and hospitality sectors. He originally joined Christie + Co in 1984 and was responsible for managing the Birmingham office for a number of years before he moved to London in 1998.
Jeremy was responsible for establishing Christie + Co’s first European offices in Paris, Frankfurt and Barcelona. He has since been instrumental in launching Christie + Co’s International Hotel Advisory Services operation to complement the activities of the agency, valuation and investment services teams.
Operating from Christie + Co’s London office, Jeremy is now responsible for all the company’s hotel sector activities. Over the past 10 years he has worked throughout Europe and also undertaken disposal work farther afield, selling properties in South Africa and Jamaica.
Jeremy works with many of Christie + Co’s corporate hotel clients including Queens Moat House hotels, the Hilton Hotels Corporation, Rocco Forte Hotels, Thistle, Whitbread, Intercontinental Hotels Group and Jarvis Hotels. Recent achievements include the successful £417 million sale of the Hilton Metropole Hotels in London and Birmingham and the £32.5 million sale of the St David’s Hotel in Cardiff.
emailAstruc, Valérie – Associate Director, France
Valérie joined Christie + Co Marseilles office of Christie + Co in September 2006 and was appointed as Location Manager in January 2008, having working for 6 years as Office Manager for VVF Vacances in Marseilles. Prior to this, she spent 5 years working in charge of a portfolio dealing with foreign Tour Operators, French Companies and town halls for Mer Montagne Vacances, a company specialized in club-hotels. She is a graduate in Marseilles’ Euromed Business School and has long standing experience in tourism, negotiation in hotel sector and sales development.
Beike, Markus – Managing Director, Germany
Markus is the Managing Director for Christie + Co in Germany. Based in Berlin, he is responsible for the offices in Frankfurt, Berlin, Dusseldorf, Munich and Hamburg. He joined the company in 2003, and has an extensive and long-standing experience of hotel consultancy work and transaction assignments. Markus has previously been employed by a range of international hotel companies including Steigenberger and Kempinski, as well as Deutsche Bank and Arthur Andersen.
Markus Beike holds a certificate as a qualified hotelier from the German Chamber of Commerce, Hotelfachmann (IHK), a graduate business diploma, Diplombetriebswirt (FH), and a special degree in property business (EBS).
Blochwitz, Janine - Consultant
Janine joined Christie + Co as a Consultant in February 2008. She holds a double-diploma in Business Administration (Diplom-Betriebswirtin (FH) / Diplôme de l’Ecole Multinationale des Affaires) and an International Master in Tourism & Leisure. Prior to joining Christie + Co, Janine gathered work experience in various industries in France, The Republic of Ireland and Germany, most recently at Jones Lang LaSalle Hotels in Munich. In addition to her mother tongue German, she is fluent in English and French and has basic knowledge of Italian.
Bond, Darren - Director and Head of Valuation Services
Darren joined Christie + Co’s Birmingham office as a valuer in 2001 and moved to Leeds in 2004 as Valuation Services Manager. He went on to be appointed as the Location Manager of the Leeds office in 2005 before making the move to London in 2007 to take up the position of national head of Valuation Services.
During his time at Christie + Co, he has worked on a variety of valuation projects on a local, regional and national scale, gaining substantial experience across all six of our trading sectors. Darren studied for a degree in Urban Land Economics in Sheffield and is an MRICS qualified Chartered Surveyor.
Bonnejean, Carine - Associate Director
Carine joined the Christie + Co London Office as a Senior Consultant in May 2005, having worked for a private equity fund as a portfolio management analyst. She was made an Associate Director in December 2006 and specialises in producing high quality, intelligent documentation to support Christie + Co’s Corporate and International Agency and Advisory work. Prior to this, she spent four years working as a Consultant and Senior Consultant with HVS International in London. She has extensive experience of conducting hotel feasibility studies and advisory projects throughout Europe, and has led several detailed research and analytical studies offering strategic advice across many sectors and markets.
Carine holds an MBA in International Hotel Management from IMHI – a joint programme between Cornell University, Ithaca, and ESSEC business school, Paris. She also has a BSc (Hons) degree in Hotel Management.
Bowles, Daniel - Research Analyst, London
Daniel is the department’s Research Analyst, responsible for collating and processing data and assisting the international advisory team with bespoke desktop research. Since graduating from the University of London Daniel has worked in a variety of information roles. Before joining Christie & Co he worked for city law firm Berwin Leighton Paisner.
Bruckmeier, Armin – Director and Head of Advisory & Valuation Services, Germany
Armin is based in Christie + Co's Munich Office. Having joined the company as a Senior Consultant in January 2004 he is now a Director & Head of Advisory and Valuation Services. Prior to this he worked for PKF hotelexperts. He has gained extensive experience of hotel feasibility, valuation studies and strategic consultancy work, having worked on a wide range of hotels, serviced apartments, time-share and other leisure properties throughout Europe. More recently, he has worked alongside his UK colleagues on a number of care home valuations.
Armin holds a Diplom-Betriebswirt (FH) degree in Economics, specializing in Hotel and Restaurant Administration from the University of Applied Sciences in Munich. Furthermore, he holds a special degree in Real Estate (Immobilienökonom IRE/BS), which is comparable to a Master of Science in Real Estate. Armin has authored several articles on hotel valuation and other hotel related topics.
Chess, Robert - Director
Robert Chess has more than 20 years’ experience dealing with hotels and leisure property. He is a member of the President’s Panel of the RICS Dispute Resolution Service and a Fellow of the RICS (FRICS). Having gained experience in the corporate sector working for the Imperial Group and Grand Metropolitan, Robert has worked in private practice for more than 20 years.
Working as a specialist within the hotel sector, he is primarily experienced in the professional and consultancy side of the business, having undertaken numerous valuations, rent reviews and general advisory projects in the UK and across Europe including projects in France, Spain, Germany, Austria and Hong Kong.
Recognised as one of the industry’s leading specialists, Robert has given evidence in Court on a number of occasions and has also given evidence at planning inquiries.
Cockburn, Norman J – Director
Norman qualified as a Chartered Surveyor in 1972 and was elected a Fellow in November 1983. He has been involved with the valuation of licensed properties since 1972. He joined Scottish & Newcastle in 1972 as an Estates Manager and was also Property Director of Drybrough & Co Ltd (the Scottish Brewing Division of Grand Metropolitan) covering the whole of Scotland and North East England. He joined Christie + Co in 1987 in the Edinburgh Office to set up the Valuations Division and was appointed a Director in June 1994.
Norman is a member of the Panel of Arbiters and Experts appointed by the Chairman of the RICS in Scotland to handle referrals on rent reviews, with a particular specialisation in public houses, restaurants, nightclubs, hotels and leisure businesses. He has acted as Expert Witness in matters of dispute, which have been adjudicated in the Court of Session in Scotland and the High Courts In England.
Norman is considered to be the most experienced Chartered Surveyor specialising in the leisure industry in Scotland.
Creamore, David – Director, London Hotels
David joined Christie + Co in 2000, after 12 successful years working in the property sector in London, operating across a broad spectrum of the market.
Starting in the licensed department in our Maidstone Office in 2000, David relocated to the London Office the following year to work in our Corporate Hotels Team.
In 2005, he was promoted to oversee all Corporate Hotel activity across the capital and Greater London. David has been involved in a wide range of transactions including the sale of upmarket boutique property the Draycott Hotel, and Victorian townhouse The Averard. He was also part of Christie + Co’s Hotel team which oversaw the successful £417 million sale of the Hilton Metropole Hotels in London and Birmingham.
Damerow, Stephanie - Senior Negotiator
Stephanie Damerow joined our Munich Office in 2006. Her responsibilities include the market development of Bavaria and the establishment of business relationships with clients in Austria and the German-speaking part of Switzerland. Stephanie worked previously as property consultant for DB Immobilien. She is a certified business expert in the property and housing industry (Kauffrau der Grundstücks- und Wohnungswirtschaft).
Day, Chris – Managing Director
Chris Day joined Christie + Co in 1985 and, having worked in the Manchester, Birmingham and London Offices, was appointed Managing Director in 1993. He has overall responsibility for all Christie + Co's specialist transactional and advisory activities. Chris has overseen the successful expansion of Christie + Co into a truly pan European firm, which currently has 17 offices in the UK and 11 International offices.
Based in the London office, Chris has particular responsibility for our international operations and he travels regularly. He specialises in the sale and valuation of hotels, public houses and restaurants and has led teams handling numerous disposal and valuation assignments for many high profile clients.
Chris commenced his career in the property profession in 1975, qualifying as a Chartered Surveyor in 1980. In recent years he was Chairman of the Central London Branch of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, and was also a member of the Surveyors Panel advising the British Association of Hotel Accountants on the measurement of the Tangible Fixed Assets for the Hotel industry.
Dodd, Simon - Advisory Services
Simon joined Christie + Co’s Maidstone office in 2006 as a Valuation Surveyor and moved to our London Head Office in December 2007. Simon now works within our Corporate Hotels Team providing valuation and development advice to a wide clientele base. A Chartered Surveyor since 2005, he has been involved in commercial property management and mixed use development in both the private and public sectors over the last 9 years.
Doyle, Maureen - Hotel Consultant
Maureen Doyle joined Christie + Co’s Corporate Hotels group as a Hotel Consultant in February 2007. Prior to joining Christie + Co, Maureen worked for two years as a hospitality consultant at one of Ireland’s leading accountancy firms, in their Corporate Finance and Hotel Consultancy division. Prior to this she worked in the hotel industry both in Ireland and Internationally. Her consultancy experience includes many feasibility studies, market studies and advisory projects. Maureen holds a BSc (Hons) degree in Hospitality Management from Trinity College Dublin, and an MBS (Hons) in Travel and Tourism Management from the Michael Smurfit Business School, University College Dublin.
Dubois, Maxime - Senior Consultant
Maxime joined the Christie + Co Paris office in April 2006. He previously worked in MKG Consulting in Paris as a Consultant leading market and feasibility studies for hospitality operations as well as appraisals around Europe and Africa. Maxime holds a Bachelor of Business Administration (Hospitality) degree (Hons.) from the Hotel Management School Les Roches of Crans-Montana (Switzerland). He is fluent in English, French, Italian, Spanish and has a good working knowledge of German.
Egberts, Jake - Associate Director
Jake joined the Christie + Co London Office in July 2005 as a Senior Consultant, having worked for PKF Accountants and Business Advisors for the previous five years. He was made an Associate Director in December 2006. His consultancy experience includes assignments throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa and the Far East encompassing market demand, feasibility studies, hotel valuations, strategic reviews and operational audits.
Prior to his consultancy career, Jake fulfilled a number of operational managerial roles for, among others, Hilton International and Radisson SAS.
Jake has completed a BA Hotel Management degree at Hotelschool Maastricht in The Netherlands.
Ferguson, Stuart - Director
Stuart joined Christie + Co in 1988 from Barclays Bank and opened and managed the new Glasgow Office in 1989. After successfully establishing the office he moved over to a similar role in Edinburgh in 1995 and at the start of 2005 assumed management responsibility for the Agency and Valuation divisions of both Scottish offices.
Stuart has an overview of all our sectors with agency experience particularly in Hotels and Care. Stuart was also seconded to our Paris Office for 8 months during 2002/2003.He has a wide range of experience and more recently acted on a number of Corporate Hotel assignments including WA Shearings. Within Scotland, clients have included Milton Hotels. Stuart was also instrumental in the deal where Swallow bought 20 hotels from NBTG in 2005 – one of the biggest ever Scottish Hotel transactions.
Hudspeth, Simon – Director
Simon is a Director and the Head of Hotel Advisory Services at Christie + Co. Based in London, Simon heads a team of 18 professional hotel valuers and consultants, who are based at offices in London, Barcelona, Helsinki, Munich and Paris. He joined the firm in October 2004, having spent eleven years in hotel consultancy, as a Director and Consultant with two of the leading London-based hotel consultancy practices.
Prior to this, Simon worked for nine years in various operational and head office management roles with Hyatt International, where he was involved in many hotel openings in Asia, Europe and Latin America.
Simon holds a BSc (Hons) Degree in Hotel and Catering Administration from the University of Surrey. He has authored several articles on hotel development, valuation and investment, and is a frequent speaker at industry conferences on hotel investment and asset management.
Hughes, Simon – UK Managing Director
Simon joined Christie + Co in 1987 from the hotel industry and has worked in our Nottingham, Glasgow, Bristol and London Offices. He was previously Office Manager at both Bristol and London and now has specific responsibility for our agency and professional services activity across our 16 UK regional offices. Simon has a broad knowledge of all our sectors, especially hotels, where he has worked with major clients such as Hilton, Whitbread, Marston Hotels and the Pederson Group.
Jones, Jeremy - Director of Corporate Hotels
Since joining Christie + Co in 1995, Jeremy has been based in our London Office. Having worked in the Central London hotel market for his first 3 years, Jeremy then joined the established Corporate Hotels Team. Since then, he has been responsible for national and international private client transactions and group assignments on both single asset and portfolio sales.
His caseload over the years has included work for most of the leading hotel groups including Whitbread, Hilton, Intercontinental Hotels and active nvestors who number Goldman Sachs, Realstar and Westmont Hospitality.
Jeremy believes that the challenges over the current period will throw up many opportunities for both buyers and sellers and wishes it be known that he and the team have never been busier!.
Kraneis, Philipp - Director and Head of Investment, Germany
Philipp was appointed by Christie + Co in 1999 and was one of the very first people to join the German operation. He previously worked for Kempinski and has been in the real estate business for more than 10 years. Over the past few years, Philipp has worked with many of Christie + Co’s corporate hotel clients in Germany. These include Queens Moat Houses, ACHAT, Westmont, ACCOR and Golden Tulip. He specialises in working with closed end funds and has handled several transactions withing the last few years. These include Renaissance Karlsruhe, Mercure Hotel Korntal-Münchingen, Grand Mirage Hotel in Neuss, Queens Hotel Niefern-Pforzheim and the Quality Hotel in Wetzlar.
Lamson, Thomas – Managing Director, France
Thomas is the Managing Director for Christie + Co in France. Thomas joined the Christie + Co Paris Office as a Senior Consultant in September, 2004. He previously worked at CB Richard Ellis Hotels in France, performing valuation studies and hotel transaction assignments throughout Continental Europe. Prior to this, he managed the International Department of MKG Consulting in Paris, working on assignments in Europe, the Middle East, Africa and the French West Indies.
Thomas holds a BSc Degree in Hospitality Management from the Ecole Hôtelière de Lausanne, and is fluent in English, French and Spanish, with a good working knowledge of Italian.
Martin, Ian - Director
A graduate of Cambridge University, Ian has over 25 years’ experience of the hotel property market with Christie + Co. During this time he established the London Valuation Division, born from agency experience in the London hotel market, and was instrumental in developing the Professional Services Division across our UK network of offices, latterly assisting with our fledgling offices in Europe. He is currently spearheading our corporate hotel valuation work in London, embracing substantial individual hotel assets and cross border portfolios in the UK, Europe, North Africa and the USA.
Meredith, Sebastian - Associate Director, Corporate Hotels
Sebastian Meredith joined Christie + Co’s London Office as a graduate surveyor in September 2003, having graduated from Sheffield Hallam University with a degree in Urban Land Economics. Prior to joining Christie + Co he worked for GVA Grimley for a year as part of his studies. He completed his professional qualification and become a fully qualified member of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, whilst working in Christie + Co's Valuation Services team.He originally worked in both the Valuation Services and Hotel Advisory departments before joining the Corporate Hotels team in 2005. Sebastian was made an Associate Director in December 2006 and he works on many of Christie + Co's major corporate hotel projects for leading clients.
Parrish, Jonathan - Director and Head of Investment & Development
Jonathan was appointed at the beginning of 2008 to head up the London based Investment team after joining Christie + Co in 2006,to further develop relationships with corporate clients from the North West, through the West Midlands areas and also assumed responsibility for corporate hotel projects in Oxfordshire, Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire and Berkshire. He has a wealth of hotel agency and consultancy knowledge, having worked in the sector for 24 years, with extensive experience in the investment and development disciplines; site sales/acquisitions, operator searches and developer/operator/investor models.
Prior to joining Christie + Co, he was a Director of Hotels & Leisure Agency at Lambert Smith Hampton, where Jonathan had a national remit and covered development work, as well as advising on leases, brands and management contracts for clients that included Peel Holdings, West Properties, Langtree Group plc, Gladman and Muse. Other roles included an Associate Directorship at Druce Hotels & Leisure. Transactions handled by Jonathan in the past include acquisitions for Whitbread Hotels, QMH, Macdonald Hotels Plc, Jarvis Hotels and Paten Hotels.
Patrick, Jon - Director and Head of Leisure & Development
Jon joined Christie + Co in 1984 and has extensive experience of the sale and valuation of leisure businesses, together with the development of leisure and hospitality property involving both solus and mixed-use schemes. He has worked in our Leeds, Newcastle and London Offices, being instrumental in the development of our corporate pubs business in the early 1990s. In 1995 Jon established Christie + Co’s Leisure and Development business working throughout the UK with numerous operators, developers and investors including the likes of Academy Leisure, Aprirose, BDL Hotels, Berkeley Group, Candu, Clermont Leisure, CTP St James, Esporta, Harrison Developments, Jurys Doyle Hotels, Kew Green Hotels, McAleer & Rushe, Moto Hospitality, Muse Developments, Neptune Developments, Nexum, Opus Land, Oxford Hotels, Regent Inns, Rushbond, St Modwen, Starboard Hotels, and Urban Splash.
Petar, Ross - Valuer
Ross Petar is a Chartered Surveyor who joined Christie & Co's Corporate Hotels Group as a Hotel Valuer in January 2008. Prior to joining Christie & Co, Ross worked for a firm of Chartered Surveyors for over 3 years specialising in the leisure and hospitality sector. Ross holds a BA (Hons) degree in International Business Studies from Leeds Metropolitan University and a MA in Property, Valuation & Law at City University Cass Business School.
Ranera, Inmaculada – Managing Director, Spain
Inmaculada is the Director for Christie + Co in Spain and Portugal. Based in our Barcelona Office, Inmaculada has been the Director of Christie + Co’s Spanish operations since they were inaugurated in 2000. She has more than 10 years’ experience in the real estate sector, and five years’ in the hotel sector. Previous experience has included working for the Catalonia Development Agency, responsible for attracting foreign investment to the region. She has also managed the ‘Site Selection Division’ of the property company, King Sturge.
Rodell, Steve - Corporate Hotels
Steve is a professional member of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and prior to joining Christie + Co spent 12 years at a well established London based specialist hotel and licensed property firm. He is an experienced agent and has dealt with hotels and licensed property in London, the South East of England and whilst based in Birmingham covered Central England and Wales.
Steve is responsible for developing and maintaining relationships between the Corporate Hotels Team of Christie + Co’s and contacts with hotel business interests on the eastern side of England stretching from the Scottish Borders down to the M25. He works closely with locally based hotel colleagues in the Christie + Co Newcastle, Leeds, Nottingham and Milton Keynes offices.
Rugg, David - Chairman
David joined Christie + Co in 1972 and was Managing Director prior to the formation of Christie Group in 1985 when he was appointed Group Managing Director and later Chief Executive. David is Chairman of Christie + Co and has many years’ experience in the sale and valuation of businesses. In particular, he has extensive experience of the hotel sector worldwide.
Scholl, Torsten - Director and Location Manager, Hamburg
Since 2004 Torsten Scholl is responsible for the development of the Berlin Office. Since the opening of the office he managed to establish a renowned specialist team and to close successfully a number of significant hotel transactions in northern and eastern Germany. The sale of the Le Meridien Hotel near Hanover to the Dutch Van der Valk Group can serve as an excellent example. Before joining Christie + Co, Torsten was employed as a negotiator at a Frankfurt-based property agency. Torsten Scholl holds a graduate business diploma (Diplom-Betriebsökonom (BI)) and is certified as property consultant by the German Chamber of Commerce.
Schürken, Guido - Associate Director and Location Manager, Dusseldorf
Guido Schürken joined Christie + Co in 2004. Responsible for the opening and establishment of our Dusseldorf office, Guido’s main task is the opening of new markets in North-Rhine-Westphalia. Guido was previously employed as property consultant for a property firm in North-Rhine-Westphalia, he is a graduate surveyor (Diplom-Sachverständiger (DIA) and certified as a property expert by the German Chamber of Commerce.
Scrivens, Andreas - Head of Consultancy
Andreas Scriven is Head of Hotel Consultancy for Christie + Co’s Corporate and International Advisory team. He is responsible for the day-to-day operation, as well as the development and advancement of Christie + Co’s London-based Hotel Consultancy team.
Andreas joined Christie + Co in April 2008 from Deloitte, where he spent six years working in the UK and the USA across the company’s Consultancy and Corporate Finance divisions. Prior to joining Deloitte, Andreas spent two years based in Los Angeles as part of Arthur Andersen’s Hotel Business Consultancy team.
He is a graduate of the renowned Cornell University School of Hotel Administration and speaks fluent German and Swiss-German.
Stevens, Simon – Director
Simon is an experienced agent with over 20 years' specialist knowledge in the UK hotel sector. He joined Christie + Co in 2004. Simon’s career started in 1982 with a successful local firm in the South West; he subsequently moved to Waycotts Chartered Surveyors in 1984 and has since concentrated his career in the hotel sector. In 1996 Simon joined Savills and latterly became a Partner at Knight Frank, where he headed up business in the North of England.
Simon forms part of Christie + Co’s Corporate Hotels Team in London but is predominantly based in the Winchester Office, providing greater coverage to both private and corporate clients throughout the South of England. He now works alongside our local hotel teams in our Exeter, Bristol, Winchester, Maidstone, Epsom and Milton Keynes Offices enhancing business in their regions. Simon’s clientele include a number of private individuals and corporate hotel clients including; Richardson Hotels, Andrew Brownsword Hotels, Crest hotels, Jarvis Hotels, Macdonald Hotels and Swallow Hotels.
Taylor, Peter - Director
Peter qualified as an Associate of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors in 1975 and has specialised in licensed property since 1977. He originally joined Christie + Co in 1996 based at the Milton Keynes Office, having previously worked for companies such as Allied Breweries, Grand Metropolitan Estates and Erdman Lewis. Peter re-joined Christie + Co in 2004 to be based in our London Office undertaking valuations, rent reviews and lease renewals, principally on behalf of corporate clients in connection with public houses, restaurants and hotels. In 1995, Peter was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. In 2001, Peter attained a Post Graduate Diploma in Arbitration from the College of Estate Management and is a Member of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators. He is on the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors' Panel of Arbitrators and Panel of Independent Expert and is appointed in these capacities to resolve rent review disputes.
Wright, Gavin - Director
Gavin joined Christie + Co’s Birmingham office in June 2000 and was made a Director in 2006. He assumes responsibility for managing and developing relationships with the company’s corporate clients in the Midlands and the North West of England. Gavin has considerable hotel sector experience and has negotiated many individual hotel transactions on behalf of independent clients in the Midlands region. He has also worked on UK portfolio disposal projects and was most recently involved in the sale of the Thistle Birmingham Edgbaston, which formed part of a portfolio of eight properties acquired by Menzies Hotels.
Virtanen, Kimmo - Director Scandinavia, Russia and the Baltic States
Kimmo joined Christie + Co in January 2005 to work from London as part of our International Advisory Team. He was appointed an Associate Director in March 2007 and, in April 2008, returned to his native Helsinki, to take on the position of Director of Scandinavia, Russia and the Baltic States. He has extensive experience of conducting a range of hotel market and feasibility studies and advisory projects, including hotel valuations throughout Europe.
Kimmo holds an MSc Diploma in Property Investments from City University in London and an MBA in Hotel Management from Michigan State University (East Lansing, US). He also has a BSc in Hotel, Restaurant and Tourism Management from Haaga Institute Polytechnic, Finland.
Young, Kerr - Investment & Development
Following 12 months working with the International Hotel Advisory Services team, supporting a wide range of consultancy and valuation assignments, Kerr joined our Investment and Development team based in London. Prior to working for Christie + Co he spent 18 months working for a hotel management, development and investment company.
Kerr studied at St Andrews University, where he graduated with a BSc (Hons) degree in Management and a Master of Letters in Management, Economics and International Relations.
Kerr has already undertaken a number of high profile assignments for our corporate clients including, Hilton, Menzies Hotels, InterContinental Hotel Group, Apollo Real Estate Advisors, Moorfield Real Estate, LRG Acquisitions and MSREF.
